Karolo ea phekolo ea mocheso oa aluminium ke ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mochine oa thepa, ho felisa khatello ea kelello e setseng le ho ntlafatsa machinability ea tšepe.Ho ea ka merero e fapaneng ea phekolo ea mocheso, mekhoa e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: phekolo ea preheat le phekolo ea ho qetela ea mocheso.
Sepheo sa phekolo ea preheat ke ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, ho felisa khatello ea kelello ea ka hare le ho lokisetsa mohaho o motle oa metallographic bakeng sa phekolo ea ho qetela ea mocheso.Ts'ebetso ea eona ea kalafo ea mocheso e kenyelletsa annealing, normalizing, botsofali, quenching le tempering joalo-joalo.
1) Annealing le normalizing
Annealing le normalizing li sebelisoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse se nang letho tsa aluminium tse chesang.Litšepe tsa carbon le alloy tse nang le carbon content e kholo ho feta 0.5% hangata li kenngoa e le ho fokotsa boima ba tsona le ho khaola habonolo;carbon steel le alloy steel e nang le carbon content e ka tlase ho 0.5% li sebelisoa ho qoba ho khomarela thipa ha boima bo le tlase haholo.'Me u sebelise phekolo ea normalizing.Annealing le normalizing e ntse e ka ntlafatsa lijo-thollo le sebopeho se ts'oanang, le ho itokisetsa phekolo ea mocheso e latelang.Annealing le normalizing hangata li hlophisoa ka mor'a hore sekheo se etsoe le pele ho etsoa machining a thata.
2) Kalafo ea botsofali
Kalafo ea botsofali e sebelisoa haholo-holo ho felisa khatello ea kelello e ka hare e hlahisoang ke tlhahiso e se nang letho le machining.
E le ho qoba mosebetsi o mongata oa lipalangoang, bakeng sa likarolo tse nepahetseng ka kakaretso, ho lekane ho hlophisa phekolo e le 'ngoe ea botsofali pele u qeta.Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa likarolo tse nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tse nepahetseng, tse kang lebokose la mochine oa jig boring, joalo-joalo, mekhoa e 'meli kapa e mengata ea phekolo ea botsofali e lokela ho hlophisoa.Likarolo tse bonolo ka kakaretso ha li hloke phekolo ea botsofali.
Ntle le li-castings, bakeng sa likarolo tse ling tse nepahetseng tse nang le boits'oaro bo bobe, joalo ka sekoti se nepahetseng, e le ho felisa khatello ea kelello e ka hare e hlahisoang nakong ea ts'ebetso le ho tsitsisa ho nepahala ha likarolo, mekhoa e mengata ea phekolo ea botsofali e atisa ho hlophisoa pakeng tsa ho sebetsa ka thata le ho qeta halofo.Bakeng sa likarolo tse ling tsa shaft, phekolo ea botsofali e boetse e lokela ho hlophisoa ka mor'a mokhoa oa ho otlolla.
3) Ho ikoetlisa le ho ikoetlisa
quenching le tempering e bolela mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso ka mor'a ho tima.E ka fumana sebopeho sa sorbite se ts'oanang le se halefileng, e leng tokisetso ea ho fokotsa deformation nakong ea ho tima holim'a metsi le kalafo ea nitriding.Ka hona, ho tima le ho futhumatsa ho ka boela ha sebelisoa e le phekolo ea preheat.
Ka lebaka la mekhoa e metle ea mekhoa e metle ea likarolo tsa quenching le tempering, e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho qetela oa phekolo ea mocheso bakeng sa likarolo tse ling tse sa hlokeng boima bo phahameng le ho roala ho hanyetsa.
Sepheo sa phekolo ea ho qetela ea mocheso ke ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mechine e kang ho thatafala, ho hanyetsa ho apara le matla.Ts'ebetso ea eona ea kalafo ea mocheso e kenyelletsa ho tima, ho tima carburizing le ho tima, le kalafo ea nitriding.
1) Ho khutsa
Ho tima ho arotsoe ka ho tima holim'a metsi le ho tima ka kakaretso.Har'a tsona, ho tima holim'a metsi ho sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la deformation ea eona e nyenyane, oxidation le decarburization, le ho tima holim'a metsi ho boetse ho na le melemo ea matla a holimo a ka ntle le ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle, ha ho ntse ho boloka boima bo botle ba ka hare le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso e matla.E le ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mechine ea likarolo tse timang holim'a metsi, phekolo ea mocheso e kang ho tima le ho futhumatsa kapa ho tloaeleha hangata e hlokahala e le phekolo ea pele ho mocheso.Mokhoa oa eona o akaretsang oa ts'ebetso ke: ho koala, ho qhekella, ho tloaeleha, ho koala, ho sebetsa ka thata, ho tima le ho futhumatsa, ho qeta halofo, ho tima holim'a metsi, ho qeta.
2) Carburizing le quenching
Carburizing le quenching ke ho eketsa carbon content ea bokaholimo ba karolo ea pele, 'me ka mor'a ho tima, bokaholimo bo fumana boima bo phahameng, ha karolo ea mantlha e ntse e boloka matla a itseng le boima bo phahameng le polasetiki.Carburizing e arotsoe ka carburizing ka kakaretso le carburizing e sa fellang.Ha carburizing e sa fella e etsoa, mehato e khahlanong le seepage e lokela ho nkoa bakeng sa likarolo tse se nang carburizing.Kaha carburizing le ho tima li bakile phetoho e kholo, 'me botebo ba carburizing hangata bo pakeng tsa 0.5 le 2 mm, ts'ebetso ea carburizing hangata e hlophisitsoe pakeng tsa ho qeta halofo le ho qeta.
Tsela ea ts'ebetso ka kakaretso ke: ho koala, ho qhekella, ho tloaeleha, ho sebetsa ka thata, ho qeta halofo, ho pata le ho tima, ho qeta.Ha karolo eo e seng carburized ea carburizing le quenching karolo e amohela leano la tshebetso ya ho tlosa lera feteletseng carburized ka mor'a ho eketsa margin, tshebetso ya ho tlosa feteletseng lera carburized lokela ho hlophisoa ka mor'a carburizing le quenching, pele quenching.
3) Kalafo ea Nitriding
Nitriding ke mokhoa oa ho kenya liathomo tsa naetrojene sebakeng sa tšepe ho fumana lera la metsoako e nang le naetrojene.Lera la nitriding le ka ntlafatsa ho thatafala, ho hanyetsa ho roala, matla a mokhathala le ho hanyetsa kutu ea bokaholimo ba karolo.Kaha mocheso oa phekolo ea nitriding o tlase, deformation e nyane, 'me lesela la nitriding le tšesaane, ka kakaretso ha le fete 0.6 ~ 0.7mm, ts'ebetso ea nitriding e lokela ho hlophisoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.Bakeng sa ho fokotsa deformation nakong ea nitriding, hangata ho nka mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso bakeng sa ho imolla khatello ea maikutlo.
E hlophisitsoeng ke May Jiang ho tsoa ho MAT Alumin
Nako ea poso: Sep-04-2023
